Tran, Pham Ngoc Minh, et al. “Hybrid GRU-VAE and Spectral Residual Anomaly Detection for OWC Predictive Maintenance: A Technical and Economic Assessment at Chu Lai Port”. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Transportation Systems and Ocean Engineering, vol. 2, no. 2, Oct. 2026, https://doi.org/10.4108/tsoe.14956.