Legal Aspects on the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Artificially Intelligent agents are more and more present in society. They have the potential to improve our daily life and social welfare. But, the introduction of AI already brings some technologic, industrial and regulatory challenges. The robots operating autonomously, without the intervention or awareness of humans will raise questions regarding attribution of rights or restrictions / obligations for them, liability for their actions, taxation, data privacy, robotic labour replacing human labour. The change of liability paradigm from the operator of the vehicle to the manufacturer started with the imposition of liability for damages arising from an autonomous car. Should robots pay taxes? Maybe it is not fair to tax artificially intelligent agents for benefiting from public expenditure, because the use of public services or infrastructures by an AI agent it’s not a benefit for the agent, but for the user or designer. It can be a necessity, for reasons related to altering patterns of consumption or employment within the economy. The risk of losing control over AI agents are not only related to damages, but also to the protection of personal data and public safety. This can happen due to malfunctions, security breaches, the superior response time of computers compared to humans, unsafe explorations, hacking and so on. In this paper we aim at demonstrating that, with the proliferation of artificial intelligence, questions will come up and legal frameworks will inevitably need to adapt.