From Passive Observation to Active “Deduction”: A Study on the Therapeutic Effects of Directive Embodied Interaction

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Current art therapy practices struggle with disembodiment, characterized by "sensory deprivation" and "superficial interaction." A key challenge is the limited understanding of the mechanisms through which directive embodied interactions influence psychological states.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to systematically investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying psychological mechanisms of “directive embodied interaction” art installations, exemplified by “do it,” through the construction of a theoretical analytical model and the conduct of empirical experiments.

METHODS: This study constructed an “input-process-output” healing model using a mixed experimental design that combined between-group comparisons (experimental vs. control group) with within-group pre- and post-tests. Quantitative assessments were conducted on 110 participants using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Flow State Scale (FSS), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). A structural equation model was constructed based on questionnaire data to empirically test pathways within the healing mechanism analysis. Supplementary qualitative analysis was conducted through semi-structured interviews.

RESULTS: Research findings indicate: 1) Compared to passive viewing, directive embodied interaction significantly enhances positive emotions, reduces negative emotions, and induces higher levels of immersion and stress relief; 2) This emotional regulation effect exhibits specificity, primarily elevating high-arousal positive emotions (e.g., excitement) while alleviating high-arousal negative emotions (e.g., tension); 3) Its therapeutic mechanism stems from a synergistic pathway: instructions reduce cognitive load → action feedback triggers flow → action metaphors facilitate catharsis → group synchronization provides support.

CONCLUSION: This study empirically validates the effectiveness of “directive embodied interaction” as an efficient, low-threshold approach to art therapy, offering a novel pathway for promoting public mental health and well-being. The findings not only provide critical theoretical foundations and actionable strategies for designing therapeutic installations and spaces but also broaden the conceptual framework for digital art therapy. Furthermore, they deepen our understanding of the pivotal role digital media plays in influencing human perception, cognition, and behavior.