Food Derived Biostimulants Technology Revealed and Retrieved by Natural Language Processing

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4108/eetsis.10654

Keywords:

Biostimulants, Sustainable agriculture, Health information science, Text mining, Patent analysis

Abstract

Food-derived biostimulants support sustainable agriculture; however, the scale and heterogeneity of the field hinder their synthesis. We profiled 2005–2025 innovation by mining 2,586 PATENTSCOPE filings and Web of Science articles; texts were analyzed with KH Coder and topic models, with large language models assisting in interpretation. Patent activity surged after 2018, emphasizing plant growth promotion, yield stability, and abiotic stress tolerance (amino acids, seaweed extracts, polyphenols, humic substances, and microbial consortia). In parallel, academic papers have shifted from descriptive trials to mechanism-level work on drought/salinity responses, gene expression, and metabolomics. Together, these signals outline a translation path in which deployable biological inputs converge with mechanistic evidence. Our NLP pipeline distilled heterogeneous texts into actionable indicators, yielding a reproducible map from patent/literature trends to testable hypotheses for formulation, dose, and seed stage delivery.

References

[1] Aleqabie HJ, Sfoq MS, Albeer RA, Abd EH. A review of text mining techniques: trends and applications in various domains. Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics 2024;5:125–141. DOI: 10.52866/ijcsm.2024.05.01.009

[2] Amato G, et al. Morphological traits, yield, antioxidant activity and essential oil composition of oregano as affected by biostimulant foliar applications. Industrial Crops and Products 2024;222:119702. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119702

[3] Bhimani P, Mahavar P, Rajguru B, Bhatt VD, Nathani NM, Shri M. Unveiling the green dialogue: advancements in omics technologies for deciphering plant–microbe interactions in soil. Discover Plants 2024;1:4. DOI: 10.1007/s44372-024-00004-3

[4] Bulgari R, Cocetta G, Trivellini A, Vernieri P, Ferrante A. Biostimulants and crop responses: a review. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 2015;31:1–17. DOI: 10.1080/01448765.2014.964649

[5] Calvo P, Nelson L, Kloepper JW. Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants. Plant and Soil 2014;383:3–41. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-014-2131-8

[6] Carolina Feitosa de Vasconcelos A, Helena Garófalo Chaves L. Biostimulants and their role in improving plant growth under abiotic stresses. In: Biostimulants in Plant Science. London: IntechOpen; 2019. p. 1–13. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88829

[7] Colla G, Rouphael Y. Microalgae: new source of plant biostimulants. Agronomy 2020;10:1240. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10091240

[8] Daliri EB-M, Lee BH. Current trends and future perspectives on functional foods and nutraceuticals. In: Daliri EB-M, Lee BH, editors. Beneficial Microorganisms in Food and Nutraceuticals. Cham: Springer; 2015. p. 221–244.

[9] Drobek M, Frąc M, Cybulska J. Plant biostimulants: importance of the quality and yield of horticultural crops and the improvement of plant tolerance to abiotic stress—A review. Agronomy 2019;9:335. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9060335

[10] Ertani A, Sambo P, Nicoletto C, Santagata S, Schiavon M, Nardi S. The use of organic biostimulants in hot pepper plants to help low input sustainable agriculture. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture 2015;2:11. DOI: 10.1186/s40538-015-0039-z

[11] Gana B, Leiva-Araos A, Allende-Cid H, García J. Leveraging LLMs for efficient topic reviews. Applied Sciences 2024;14:7675. DOI: 10.3390/app14177675

[12] Giordano V, Chiarello F, Melluso N, Fantoni G, Bonaccorsi A. Text and dynamic network analysis for measuring technological convergence: a case study on defense patent data. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 2023;70(4):1490–1503. DOI: 10.1109/TEM.2021.3078231

[13] Islam S. Agriculture, food security, and sustainability: a review. Exploration of Foods and Foodomics 2025;3:101082. DOI: 10.37349/eff.2025.101082

[14] Jiang L, Goetz SM. Natural language processing in the patent domain: a survey. Artificial Intelligence Review 2025;58. DOI: 10.1007/s10462-025-11168-z

[15] Jindo K, et al. Application of biostimulant products and biological control agents in sustainable viticulture: a review. Frontiers in Plant Science 2022;13:932311. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.932311

[16] Madende M, Hayes M. Fish by-product use as biostimulants: an overview of the current state of the art, including relevant legislation and regulations within the EU and USA. Molecules 2020;25:1122. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051122

[17] Liu SJ, Shyu J. Strategic planning for technology development with patent analysis. International Journal of Technology Management 1997;13:661–680. DOI: 10.1504/IJTM.1997.001689

[18] Magnabosco P, Masi A, Shukla R, Bansal V, Carletti P. Advancing the impact of plant biostimulants to sustainable agriculture through nanotechnologies. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture 2023;10:38. DOI: 10.1186/s40538-023-00491-8

[19] Mannino G, Gentile C, Ertani A, Serio G, Bertea CM. Anthocyanins: biosynthesis, distribution, ecological role, and use of biostimulants to increase their content in plant foods—A review. Agriculture 2021;11:212. DOI: 10.3390/agriculture11030212

[20] Naqvi RZ, Mahmood MA, Mansoor S, Amin I, Asif M. Omics-driven exploration and mining of key functional genes for the improvement of food and fiber crops. Frontiers in Plant Science 2023;14:1273859. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1273859

[21] Nephali L, Piater LA, Dubery IA, Patterson V, Huyser J, Burgess K, Tugizimana F. Biostimulants for plant growth and mitigation of abiotic stresses: a metabolomics perspective. Metabolites 2020;10(12):505. DOI: 10.3390/metabo10120505

[22] Petropoulos SA. Practical applications of plant biostimulants in greenhouse vegetable crop production. Agronomy 2020;10:1569. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10101569

[23] Ricci M, Tilbury L, Daridon B, Sukalac K. General principles to justify plant biostimulant claims. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019;10:494. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00494

[24] Alvi AM, et al. XCR-net: a computer aided framework to detect COVID-19. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024;70(3):1–11. DOI: 10.1109/TCE.2024.3446793

[25] You M, Ge Y-F, Wang K, Wang H, Cao J, Kambourakis G. Hierarchical adaptive evolution framework for privacy-preserving data publishing. World Wide Web 2024;27:1311–1335. DOI: 10.1007/s11280-024-01286-z

[26] Khanam T, Siuly S, Wang K, Zheng Z. A privacy-preserving encryption framework for big data analysis.. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 15335. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2025. p. 84–94. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-96-0576-7_7

[27] Khanam T, Siuly S, Wang K, Wang H. An AI driven framework for EEG based-BCI technology. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 15335. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2025. p. 209–220. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-96-5597-7_19

[28] Hamadouche S, Boudraa O, Gasmi M. Combining lexical, host, and content-based features for phishing websites detection using machine learning models. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Scalable Information Systems 2024;11:e4. DOI: 10.4108/eetsis.4421

[29] Madhavi V. Event extraction with spectrum estimation using neural networks linear methods. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Scalable Information Systems 2023;10:e5. DOI: 10.4108/eetsis.4355

[30] [30] Lee J, Park JS, Wang H, Feng B, Wang KN. Cross-sectional analysis of Australian dental practitioners’ perceptions of teledentistry. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Scalable Information Systems 2024;11:e5. DOI: 10.4108/eetsis.5366

[31] Roh T, Jeong Y, Yoon B. Developing a methodology of structuring and layering technological information in patent documents through natural language processing. Sustainability 2017;9(11):2117. DOI: 10.3390/su9112117

[32] Rouphael Y, Colla G. Toward a sustainable agriculture through plant biostimulants: from experimental data to practical applications. Agronomy 2020;10:1461. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10101461

[33] Seow M-J, Qian L. Knowledge augmented intelligence using large language models for advanced data analytics. In: SPE Eastern Regional Meeting. Richardson, TX: Society of Petroleum Engineers; 2024. Paper SPE-221375-MS. DOI: 10.2118/221375-MS

[34] Sible CN, Seebauer JR, Below FE. Plant biostimulants: a categorical review, their implications for row crop production, and relation to soil health indicators. Agronomy 2021;11:1297. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11071297

[35] Singh M, Subahan GM, Sharma S, Singh G, Sharma N, Sharma U, Kumar V. Enhancing horticultural sustainability in the face of climate change: harnessing biostimulants for environmental stress alleviation in crops. Stresses 2025;5:23. DOI: 10.3390/stresses5010023

Downloads

Published

25-11-2025

How to Cite

1.
Kobayashi Y, Ota K, Iwano M, Kageyama I, Kodama K, Tsuda K. Food Derived Biostimulants Technology Revealed and Retrieved by Natural Language Processing. EAI Endorsed Scal Inf Syst [Internet]. 2025 Nov. 25 [cited 2025 Dec. 4];12(5). Available from: https://publications.eai.eu/index.php/sis/article/view/10654

Most read articles by the same author(s)