From Bits to Meaning: A Survey of Semantic Communications for 6G Networks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4108/eettti.11434Keywords:
6G Networks, Edge Intelligence, Quantum Machine Learning, Semantic Communications, Semantic Metrics, Task-Oriented TransmissionAbstract
The advent of sixth-generation (6G) networks necessitates a paradigm shift from conventional bit communication to meaning-centric systems capable of semantic understanding, contextual inference, and task-oriented optimization. This survey explores the emerging domain of semantic communications (SemCom), which aims to transmit not just data, but relevant and actionable meaning aligned with user intent. Unlike Shannon’s theory that emphasizes bit-level fidelity, SemCom emphasizes the semantic and pragmatic utility of transmitted information. This introduces a unified taxonomy aligned with 6G system layers and highlights applications in latency-sensitive, mission-critical applications such as autonomous vehicles (AVs), extended reality (XR), digital twins, and remote healthcare. The study identifies open challenges in semantic reliability, multi-agent alignment, green SemCom, and integration with quantum and bio-inspired systems—positioning SemCom as a cornerstone for future 6G networks.
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