The Face Detection / Recognition , Perspective and Obstacles In Robotic: A Review

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4108/airo.v1i1.2836

Keywords:

Face Detection and Recognition, Computer Vision, Detection Tracking, Human Robot, Service robot

Abstract

Facial recognition research is one of the different types of research in this world today. In recent years, facial recognition in robots has attracted increased study interest. Robotic platforms now utilize a variety of object detection methods, with face detection being a viable use. Face detection in robotics is a computer technique that recognizes human faces in digital pictures and is used in a range of applications. Different authors have performed their research in different ways on the use of detection systems. This paper aims to give future researchers a better idea of using facial recognition systems in robotics. In this study, we reviewed research by various authors over recent years to facilitate future facial recognition research. In addition, scholars have addressed the topics, how they have done so, and the specifics of their approaches are described. This paper reviewed an overview of hardware implementation and software implementation by various authors. It can automatically focus cameras or count the number of people who have entered a location. Commercial applications of the method include displaying tailored advertisements in response to a recognized face along with the algorithms, functions and architectures used in facial recognition and giving the opinions of various authors mentioned. The comparative analysis of facial recognition and its architecture system is highlighted.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Rout, R. Kumar. "A survey on object detection and tracking algorithms." PhD diss., 2013.

S. Ç. Tekkök, M. E. Söyünmez, B. Bostancı and P. O. Ekim, "Face Detection, Tracking and Recognition with Artificial Intelligence," 2021 3rd International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA), 2021, pp. 1-5, DOI: 10.1109/HORA52670.2021.9461356.

A. J. Moshayedi, A. S. Khan, S. Yang and S. M. Zanjani, "Personal Image Classifier Based Handy Pipe Defect Recognizer (HPD): Design and Test," 2022 7th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing (ICSP), 2022, pp. 1721-1728, DOI: 10.1109/ICSP54964.2022.9778676.

K. Dang and S. Sharma, "Review and comparison of face detection algorithms," 2017 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data Science & Engineering - Confluence, 2017, pp. 629-633, DOI: 10.1109/CONFLUENCE.2017.7943228.

Q. Zhao and S. Zhang, "A face detection method based on corner verifying," 2011 International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS), 2011, pp. 2854-2857, DOI: 10.1109/CSSS.2011.5974784.

A. J. Moshayedi, & Fard, Saeed & Liao, Liefa & Eftekhari, S. Ali. (2019). Design and Development of Pipe Inspection Robot Meant for Resizable Pipe Lines. International Journal of Robotics and Control. 2. 25. 10.5430/ijrc.v2n1p25.

J. J. Patoliya and M. M. Desai, "Face detection based ATM security system using embedded Linux platform," 2017 2nd International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT), 2017, pp. 74-78, DOI: 10.1109/I2CT.2017.8226097.

P. Apoorva., H. C. Impana., S. L. Siri., M. R. Varshitha. and B. Ramesh., "Automated Criminal Detection by Face Recognition using Open Computer Vision Classifiers," 2019 3rd International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC), 2019, pp. 775-778, DOI: 10.1109/ICCMC.2019.8819850.

R. Barták and A. Vykovský, "Any Object Tracking and Following by a Flying Drone," 2015 Fourteenth Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (MICAI), 2015, pp. 35-41, DOI: 10.1109/MICAI.2015.12.

J. Y. Choi, S. G. Kim. “Collaborative Tracking Control of UAV-UGV.” World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Mechanical, Aerospace, Industrial, Mechatronic and Manufacturing Engineering 6 (2012): 2487-2490.

X. Farhodov, O. -H. Kwon, K. W. Kang, S. -H. Lee and K. -R. Kwon, "Faster RCNN Detection Based OpenCV CSRT Tracker Using Drone Data," 2019 International Conference on Information Science and Communications Technologies (ICISCT), 2019, pp. 1-3, doi: 10.1109/ICISCT47635.2019.9012043.

C. Cruz, L. E. Sucar and E. F. Morales, "Real-time face recognition for human-robot interaction," 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition, 2008, pp. 1-6, DOI: 10.1109/AFGR.2008.4813386.

X. Wang and X. Tang, "Face Photo-Sketch Synthesis and Recognition," in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 1955-1967, Nov. 2009, doi: 10.1109/TPAMI.2008.222.

Z. Chen et al., "Autonomous Social Distancing in Urban Environments Using a Quadruped Robot," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 8392-8403, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3049426.

Fröba, B., Külbeck, C. (2001). Real-Time Face Detection Using Edge-Orientation Matching. In: Bigun, J., Smeraldi, F. (eds) Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication. AVBPA 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2091. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://DOI.org/10.1007/3-540-45344-X_12

Jesorsky, O., Kirchberg, K.J., Frischholz, R.W. (2001). Robust Face Detection Using the Hausdorff Distance. In: Bigun, J., Smeraldi, F. (eds) Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication. AVBPA 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2091. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://DOI.org/10.1007/3-540-45344-X_14

D. Peleshko and K. Soroka, "Research of usage of Haar-like features and AdaBoost algorithm in Viola-Jones method of object detection," 2013 12th International Conference on the Experience of Designing and Application of CAD Systems in Microelectronics (CADSM), 2013, pp. 284-286.

W. Yang and Z. Jiachun, "Real-time face detection based on YOLO," 2018 1st IEEE International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention (ICKII), 2018, pp. 221-224, DOI: 10.1109/ICKII.2018.8569109.

Y. Okafuji, J. Baba and J. Nakanishi, "Face-to-Face Contact Method for Humanoid Robots Using Face Position Prediction," 2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), 2019, pp. 666-666, DOI: 10.1109/HRI.2019.8673175.

N. H. Barnouti, M. H. N. Al-Mayyahi and S. S. M. Al-Dabbagh, "Real-Time Face Tracking and Recognition System Using Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi and Two-Dimensional Principal Component Analysis," 2018 International Conference on Advanced Science and Engineering (ICOASE), 2018, pp. 24-29, DOI: 10.1109/ICOASE.2018.8548818.

Aashish, Kamath & A., Vijayalakshmi. (2017). Comparison of Viola-Jones And Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi Face Detection Algorithms. Oriental journal of computer science and technology. 10. 151-159. 10.13005/ojcst/10.01.20.

N. A and K. Jaisharma, "A Deep Learning Based Approach for Detection of Face Mask Wearing using YOLO V3-tiny Over CNN with Improved Accuracy," 2022 International Conference on Business Analytics for Technology and Security (ICBATS), 2022, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/ICBATS54253.2022.9758925.

G. Xu, A. Sohail Khan, A. J. Moshayedi, X. Zhang, and Y. Shuxin, “The Object Detection, Perspective and Obstacles In Robotic: A Review: ”, EAI Endorsed Trans AI Robotics, vol. 1, no. 1, p. e13, Oct. 2022.

V. Mohan, P. Shanmugapriya and Y. Venkataramani, "Object Recognition using image descriptors," 2008 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking, 2008, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ICCCNET.2008.4787717.

R. C. Luo, C. T. Liao and Y. J. Chen, "Robot - human face tracking and recognition using relative affine structure," 2008 IEEE Workshop on Advanced robotics and Its Social Impacts, 2008, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ARSO.2008.4653585.

Y. Nishina, J. K. Tan, H. S. Kim and S. Ishikawa, "Development of an autonomous robot for face tracking," 2007 International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems, 2007, pp. 1178-1181, doi: 10.1109/ICCAS.2007.4406512.

Kumar, A., Kaur, A. & Kumar, M. Face detection techniques: a review. Artif Intell Rev 52, 927–948 (2019). https://DOI.org/10.1007/s10462-018-9650-2

A. J. Moshayedi, A. Shuvam Roy, S. K. . Sambo, Y. . Zhong, and L. Liao, “ Review On: The Service Robot Mathematical Model ”, EAI Endorsed Trans AI Robotics, vol. 1, no. 1, p. e8, Feb. 2022.

T. Gerig et al., "Morphable Face Models - An Open Framework," 2018 13th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition (FG 2018), 2018, pp. 75-82, doi: 10.1109/FG.2018.00021.

G. M. Zafaruddin and H. S. Fadewar, "Face recognition: A holistic approach review," 2014 International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I), 2014, pp. 175-178, doi: 10.1109/IC3I.2014.7019610.

K. -C. Kwak and W. Pedrycz, "Face Recognition Using an Enhanced Independent Component Analysis Approach," in IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 530-541, March 2007, doi: 10.1109/TNN.2006.885436.

R. K. Sadykhov and V. A. Samokhval, "Face Identification Algorithm Based on Synthetic Linear Descriptors," 2005 IEEE Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications, 2005, pp. 593-595, doi: 10.1109/IDAACS.2005.283053.

S. Nasr, K. Bouallegue, M. Shoaib and H. Mekki, "Face recognition system using bag of features and multi-class SVM for robot applications," 2017 International Conference on Control, Automation and Diagnosis (ICCAD), 2017, pp. 263-268, doi: 10.1109/CADIAG.2017.8075668.

S. Tayeb, A. Mahmoudi, F. Regragui and M. M. Himmi, "Efficient detection of P300 using Kernel PCA and support vector machine," 2014 Second World Conference on Complex Systems (WCCS), 2014, pp. 17-22, DOI: 10.1109/ICoCS.2014.7060953.

S. A. Nazeer, N. Omar, K. F. Jumari and M. Khalid, "Face Detecting Using Artificial Neural Network Approach," First Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (AMS'07), 2007, pp. 394-399, doi: 10.1109/AMS.2007.38.

M. Turk, A. Pentland; Eigenfaces for Recognition. J Cogn Neurosci 1991; 3 (1): 71–86. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1991.3.1.71

S. -H. Jeon, H. -S. Yoon and J. -H. Kim, "Frontal face reconstruction with symmetric constraints," 2016 13th International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence (URAI), 2016, pp. 854-855, DOI: 10.1109/URAI.2016.7733994.

Muhtadin, A. R. Muttaqin and S. Sumpeno, "Implementation of face detection and recognition of Indonesian language in communication between humans and robots," 2016 International Conference on Information & Communication Technology and Systems (ICTS), 2016, pp. 53-57, DOI: 10.1109/ICTS.2016.7910272

S. Yasaswini, B. Akshitha, R. S. Suchitra and M. R. Rao, "Facial expression controlled humanoid robot," 2017 International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICEI), 2017, pp. 754-757, DOI: 10.1109/ICOEI.2017.8300804.

M. D. Putro and K. -H. Jo, "Real-time Face Tracking for Human-Robot Interaction," 2018 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Robotics (ICT-ROBOT), 2018, pp. 1-4, DOI: 10.1109/ICT-ROBOT.2018.8549902.

T. M. W. Vithanawasam and B. G. D. A. Madhusanka, "Dynamic Face and Upper-Body Emotion Recognition for Service Robots," 2018 IEEE/ACIS 17th International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS), 2018, pp. 428-432, doi: 10.1109/ICIS.2018.8466505.

Y. Okafuji, J. Baba and J. Nakanishi, "Face-to-Face Contact Method for Humanoid Robots Using Face Position Prediction," 2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), 2019, pp. 666-666, DOI: 10.1109/HRI.2019.8673175.

W. -y. LU and M. YANG, "Face Detection Based on Viola-Jones Algorithm Applying Composite Features," 2019 International Conference on Robots & Intelligent System (ICRIS), 2019, pp. 82-85, DOI: 10.1109/ICRIS.2019.00029.

P. B. Nithin, A. Francis, A. J. Chemmanam, B. A. Jose and J. Mathew, "Face Tracking Robot testbed for Performance Assessment of Machine Learning Techniques," 2019 7th International Conference on Smart Computing & Communications (ICSCC), 2019, pp. 1-5, DOI: 10.1109/ICSCC.2019.8843628.

P. Chakraborty, S. Ahmed, M. A. Yousuf, A. Azad, S. A. Alyami and M. A. Moni, "A Human-Robot Interaction System Calculating Visual Focus of Human’s Attention Level," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 93409-93421, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3091642.

J. Heredia et al., "Adaptive Multimodal Emotion Detection Architecture for Social Robots," in IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 20727-20744, 2022, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3149214.

Moshayedi, A. J., Chen, Z., Liao, L., & Li, S. (2022). Sunfa Ata Zuyan machine learning models for moon phase detection: algorithm, prototype and performance comparison. TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control, 20(1), 129. https://DOI.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v20i1.22338

S. Manzoor et al., "Edge Deployment Framework of GuardBot for Optimized Face Mask Recognition With Real-Time Inference Using Deep Learning," in IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 77898-77921, 2022, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3190538.

D. Banerjee and K. Yu, "Robotic Arm-Based Face Recognition Software Test Automation," in IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 37858-37868, 2018, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2854754.

H. Zhang, B. Fan, X. Zhang, H. Zhan and X. Li, "A Six-degree-of-freedom Face Tracking Method for Non-contact Physiological Detection Robot," 2021 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA), 2021, pp. 950-955, DOI: 10.1109/ICMA52036.2021.9512790

M. Karahan, H. Kurt and C. Kasnakoglu, "Autonomous Face Detection and Tracking Using Quadrotor UAV," 2020 4th International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), 2020, pp. 1-4, DOI: 10.1109/ISMSIT50672.2020.9254469.

C. Iaboni, H. Patel, D. Lobo, J. -W. Choi and P. Abichandani, "Event Camera-Based Real-Time Detection and Tracking of Indoor Ground Robots," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 166588-166602, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3133533.

S. -S. Lee, S. -J. Jang, J. Kim and B. Choi, "A hardware architecture of face detection for human-robot interaction and its implementation," 2016 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Asia (ICCE-Asia), 2016, pp. 1-2, DOI: 10.1109/ICCE-Asia.2016.7804752.

D. S. Pamungkas and S. Al-Aidid, "Detection, Recognition, and Tracking Face Using 2 DoF Robot with Haar LBP Histogram," 2018 International Conference on Applied Engineering (ICAE), 2018, pp. 1-5, DOI: 10.1109/INCAE.2018.8579409.

B. Cilmi and M. Mercimek, "Design and Implementation of Real-Time Face Tracking Humanoid Robot," 2018 6th International Conference on Control Engineering & Information Technology (CEIT), 2018, pp. 1-6, DOI: 10.1109/CEIT.2018.8751757.

S. Sharmin, M. M. Hoque, S. M. R. Islam, M. F. Kader and I. H. Sarker, "Development of Duplex Eye Contact Framework for Human-Robot Inter Communication," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 54435-54456, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3071129.

G. -S. J. Hsu and J. -W. Huang, "A photographer robot with multiview face detector," 2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), 2016, pp. 2152-2156, DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2016.7475103.

W. Jiang and W. Wang, "Face detection and recognition for home service robots with end-to-end deep neural networks," 2017 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2017, pp. 2232-2236, DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.2017.7952553.11

C. -L. Hwang, D. -S. Wang, F. -C. Weng and S. -L. Lai, "Interactions Between Specific Human and Omnidirectional Mobile Robot Using Deep Learning Approach: SSD-FN-KCF," in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 41186-41200, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2976712.

M. Hu, Q. Zhang and Z. Wang, "Application of rough sets to image pre-processing for Face detection," 2008 International Conference on Information and Automation, 2008, pp. 545-548, doi: 10.1109/ICINFA.2008.4608060.

A. J. Moshayedi, M. Gheibollahi, and L. Liao, “The quadrotor dynamic modeling and study of meta-heuristic algorithms performance on optimization of PID controller index to control angles and tracking the route,” IAES Int. J. Robot. Autom., vol. 9, no. 4, p. 256, 2020,

Downloads

Published

15-12-2022

How to Cite

[1]
N. M. I. Uddin, A. J. Moshayedi, H. lan1, and Y. Shuxin, “The Face Detection / Recognition , Perspective and Obstacles In Robotic: A Review ”, EAI Endorsed Trans AI Robotics, vol. 1, p. e14, Dec. 2022.